{"id":1591,"date":"2023-08-22T17:14:10","date_gmt":"2023-08-22T14:14:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/?p=1591"},"modified":"2024-01-06T16:45:04","modified_gmt":"2024-01-06T13:45:04","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b6%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%85-past-perfect-tense","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b6%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%85-past-perfect-tense\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (Past Perfect Tense)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (Past Perfect Tense) \u0647\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p> \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 &#8220;had&#8221; \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (Past Participle) \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629:<br>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (subject) + \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f &#8220;had&#8221; + \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (verb)+ \u2026 :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>She had already eaten her dinner. (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We had traveled to Paris before. (\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He had finished his homework. (\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0647)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629:<br>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (subject) + &#8220;had not\/hadn\u2019t\u201d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 + \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (verb)+ \u2026 :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>She had not seen the movie before. (\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They had not finished their work. (\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I had not studied for the exam. (\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-2-background-color has-background\">\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%85-present-perfect-tense\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (Present Perfect Tense)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644:<br>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f &#8220;had&#8221; + \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (subject) + \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (verb) + \u2026 \u061f:<br>Wh-word + \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f &#8220;had&#8221; + \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (subject) + \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (verb) + \u2026 \u061f:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Had she finished her homework? (\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627\u061f)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Had they traveled to Europe before? (\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u061f)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Had you seen that movie? (\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u061f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\" start=\"1\">\n<li>I had already finished my homework when he called. (\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She had traveled to Paris before she moved to London. (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They had never seen such a beautiful sunset. (\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He had studied English for five years before he went to the United States. (\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We had already left when the rain started. (\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She had never eaten sushi until she went to Japan. (\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0634\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They had finished the project before the deadline. (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I had read that book before it became popular. (\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0623\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He had visited many countries before he settled down. (\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We had already seen the movie, so we didn&#8217;t watch it again. (\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-2-background-color has-background\">\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <a href=\"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\" start=\"1\">\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (Past Participle) \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 &#8220;had not&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;hadn&#8217;t&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-2-background-color has-background\">\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <a href=\"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (Past Perfect Tense):<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>After &#8211; \u0628\u0639\u062f:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;after&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;After I had finished my work, I went to watch a movie.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Before &#8211; \u0642\u0628\u0644:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;before&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;She had already left before I arrived.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By the time &#8211; \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 &#8220;by the time&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;By the time he arrived, the party had already ended.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Already &#8211; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;already&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;She had already cooked dinner when I got home.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Just &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;just&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;He had just finished his presentation when the power went out.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hadn&#8217;t &#8211; \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;hadn&#8217;t&#8221; \u0643\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;They hadn&#8217;t seen each other in years.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yet &#8211; \u0628\u0639\u062f:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;yet&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;I hadn&#8217;t finished my homework yet, so I couldn&#8217;t go out with my friends.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By the time &#8211; \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 &#8220;by the time&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0650\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;By the time she had reached the station, the train had already left.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Until &#8211; \u062d\u062a\u0649:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;until&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;He had been waiting for me until I finally arrived.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Since &#8211; \u0645\u0646\u0630:<br>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;since&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;She had known him since they were in high school.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-2-background-color has-background\">\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-base-2-background-color has-background wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%ad-passive-voice\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0634\u0631\u062d passive voice<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b9%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b1-present-perfect-continuous-tense\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 (Present Perfect Continuous Tense)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b7-simple-future-tense\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 (Simple Future Tense)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (Past Perfect Tense) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[34,45,33],"class_list":["post-1591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-23","tag-34","tag-45","tag-33"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1591"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1591\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3062,"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1591\/revisions\/3062"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1591"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/readenglish1.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}